户籍与居住区分割:城市公共管理的新挑战

Hukou System and Residential Segregation: A New Challenge of the Urban Public Administration in China

基于上海市居民调查的微观数据,本文发现在户籍身份差异这一维度上,空间上的居住区分割已经出现。并且,非户籍家庭的居住条件明显更差,对小区的评价更低,更少在小区内进行互动,对邻居的信任感更低。城市公共管理政策应尽早重视城市化进程中出现的居住区分割现象,避免与户籍身份相关的收入、公共服务等差距在空间上定型,并产生群体效应,危害城市的和谐发展。

In the rapid progress of China’s urbanization,the residential segregation between people with and without local Hukou identity is worthy of much attention,especially in metropolitan cities which execute strict control of Hukou system.This paper discovers some emerging residential segregation phenomenon related to Hukou identity,based on a micro-data of Shanghai residents’ survey.We also find that families without Hukou identity are living in worse conditions,and people’s subjective valuations for security,trust,health and children’s growing environment are lower in residential quarters with higher proportion of ＂non-Hukou＂ families.Cities’ public administration policies should take the residential segregation problem seriously in order to mitigate the emerging spatial disparities of income,public services etc.,which could jeopardize cities’ harmonious development.