个性化饮食和运动疗法对妊娠期糖尿病母婴结局影响

INFLUENCE OF PERSONALIZED DIET AND EXERCISE THERAPY ON THE OUTCOMES OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS

目的探讨个性化饮食和运动疗法对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)母婴结局的影响。方法孕25～32周经初筛和同时行胰岛素释放试验(OGTT)确诊的GDM病人181例,随机分为观察组(n=94)和对照组(n=87)。对照组采用常规治疗,观察组除采用常规治疗外增加个性化的饮食和运动疗法。观察比较两组的母婴结局。结果观察组空腹及餐后2h血糖水平与对照组比较均明显下降(t=2.88～22.68,P<0.01);观察组妊娠期高血压疾病、剖宫产、产后出血、产后感染、羊水过多、胎儿窘迫、胎儿畸形、死胎、早产儿、巨大儿、新生儿窒息的发生率明显低于对照组(χ2=5.56～17.15,P<0.05)。结论个性化饮食和运动疗法能显著改善GDM病人母婴结局。

Objective To investigate the effect of personalized diet and exercise therapy on mother-infant outcomes of gestational diabetes mellitus（GDM）.Methods This study consisted of 181 GDM patients who were pregnant for 25-32 and confirmed as having GDM by oral glucose tolerance test（OGTT）.The patients were divided into observation group（n=94） and control group（n=87） in random.The patients in the control group received a conventional therapy,and those in the observation group were added personalized diet and exercise therapy in addition to conventional one.The outcomes of mothers and infants were compared between the two groups.Results The fasting plasma glucose levels and plasma glucose levels at two hours after meals in observation group were significantly lower than that in the control group（t=2.88-22.68,P〈0.01）.The incidence rates of pregnant induced hypertension syndrome（PIH）,uterine-incision delivery,postpartum hemorrhage and infection,hydramnios,fetal distress,fetal anomaly,deat fetus,premature,macrosomia,and neonatal asphyxia were lower in observation group versus the control（χ2=5.56-17.15,P〈0.05）.Conclusion The personalized diet and exercise therapy can dramatically improve the mother-infant outcomes of patients with GDM.