超声波辅助提取莲心黄酮类物质的工艺研究

Ultrasonic-assisted Extraction Process of Flavonoids from Plumula Nelumbinis

为了探讨以乙醇为溶剂超声波辅助提取莲心中黄酮类物质的工艺条件,研究乙醇体积分数、料液比、超声波功率及提取时间对莲心黄酮类物质提取效果的影响,通过L9(3)4正交试验设计优化其提取工艺参数。结果表明,影响莲心黄酮类物质提取效果的主次因素顺序为:乙醇体积分数>超声波功率>提取时间>料液比,乙醇体积分数对提取率有极显著影响,超声波功率对提取率有显著影响,提取时间和料液比对提取率影响不大;最优提取工艺参数为乙醇体积分数70%,料液比3∶100,超声波功率500 W,提取时间25 min,在此条件下,莲心黄酮类物质提取率为1.893%;与传统水浸提法相比,该方法可以提高提取率,缩短提取时间。

The optimum conditions for ultrasonic-assisted extraction with ethanol of flavonoids from Plumula nelumbinis are studied. The effects of the ethanol concentration, material-liquid ratio, ultrasonic power, and ultrasonic extraction time on extraction yield of flavonoids from Plumula nelumbinis are investigated. The processing parameters are optimized by L9 （34） orthogonal array design. The results indicate processing parameters of ultrasonic-assisted extraction affected flavonoids yield in the following order of the ethanol concentration 〉ultrasonic power 〉ultrasonic extraction time 〉material-liquid ratio. The ethanol concentration and ultrasonic power have very significant effect on the extraction yield of flavonoids, ultrasonic extraction time and material-liquid ratio have little effect on the extraction yield of flavonoids. The optimal extraction conditions found are： the ethanol concentration 70%, material-liquid ratio 3 ： 100, ultrasonic power 500 W, and ultrasonic extraction time 25 min. Under these conditions, the extraction yield of flavonoids from Plumula nelumbinis is 1.893%. Compared to traditional water extraction method, this method has the advantages of improving yield and reducing extraction time.