未完成的文化转型:后苏联俄国文学20年的三种危机

Unfinished Cultural Transition: Three Crises of Post-Soviet Russian Literature

作为俄国文化之独特表现的俄罗斯文学,在后苏联突然间失去了近二百年来持续存在的强大社会功能,在这次文化转型中出现程度不等的三方面危机,具体包括:文学生产队伍在文学重构过程中出现断裂、当代文学发展过程因为回归文学潮流持续多时而被打乱秩序、由苏联作协转化而来的作家组织变异成利益集团而影响了那些来自苏联作家的文学生产等。诸如此类现象,使得二十年来俄联邦文化重建需要伴随着反文学危机才能走向有序,到目前,这是一个仍未完结的转型过程。

As a special in Russian culture, Russian literature in the post-Soviet period abruptly lost a powerful social function that lasted almost two hundred years. In this cultural transition, it has three crises in varying degrees. They are including： literature ranks have broken apart in the process of literature reconstruction, the development process of contemporary literature has been threw into disorder by lasting-long-time tide of regression literature, writer＇s association of the Soviet Union has become an interest group and hence affecting the literature products from the Soviet writers. These phenomena make twenty-year Russian cultural reconstruction need fighting against literature crises to go into order. Up to now, this is still an unfinished transition process.