广西市售部分水产品中颚口线虫感染情况调查研究

Survey on Gnathostoma infection in water products from free markets in Guangxi

目的了解广西各地部分水产品中颚口线虫寄生情况及虫种鉴定,为制定广西颚口线虫防治措施提供参考。方法在广西14个县市的自由市场购买采样,收集淡水鱼、黄鳝、泥鳅和蛇等颚口线虫中间宿主和保虫宿主。每份标本分别用人工消化液消化,在体视显微镜下检查并收集虫体。收获的虫体在光学显微镜和电子显微镜下进行形态学观察。结果从2008年至2010年,在广西14个县市自由市场采集并检查水产品共1 622条(尾)。其中淡水鱼244尾、泥鳅820条、蛇130条检查均为阴性,黄鳝中颚口线虫平均感染率为11%(47/428)。在14个市场中有8个市场的黄鳝检出虫体,阳性率最高的宜州为80.9%(17/21)。颚口线虫幼虫在黄鳝体内分布以肌肉最多占全部检获虫数的56.3%,其次为内脏,占38.2%,头部占5.6%。根据观察和测量到的形态特征,鉴定为颚口线虫属中棘颚口线虫第三期幼虫。结论广西大部分地区自由市场黄鳝携带棘颚口线虫第三期幼虫,部分市场黄鳝感染率高达80.9%。对有食生鱼习惯的广西,水产品携带致病性颚口线虫将对当地食品安全和公共卫生提出很大的挑战。

Objectve To understand the infection status and species identification of Gnanostoma in water products from free markets in Guangxi.Methods Fresh water fishes,swamp eels,loaches,and grass snakes were collected from free markets in 14 counties/cities of Guangxi.They were digested individually with artificial gastric juice and examined under a stereomicroscope to find the larva.Species of larvae was identified by morphological observation under optical microscope and electronic scanning microscope.Results From 2008 to 2010,total 1622 water products were collected and examined from 14 markets in Guangxi.We found that 244 fishes,820 loaches,and 130 grass snakes were negative and only swamp eels carried Gnathostoma larva with a infection rate of 11%（47/428）.Positive eels were found in 8 of 14 markets and the highest infection rate was in Yizhou City with a rate of 80.9%（17/21）.In total 144 larvae recovered from 47 positive eels,8 larvae（5.6%） from the heads,81 larvae（56.3%） from the muscles and 55 larvae（38.2%） from the viscera of the eels.The larvae were identified to be the third stage of Gnathostoma spinigerum larvae morphologically.Conclusion Swamp eels from most free markets of Guangxi carried the larva of Gnathostoma spinigerum and the highest infection rate reached 80.9%.The high infection rate of Gnathostoma in water products from free markets in Guangxi,where the residents have the habits of consuming row fish,is a great hazard to food safety and public health in local people.