抗感锈病小麦品系碳氮代谢特性的比较

Comparison of Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism Characteristic between Wheat Varieties Resistant and Susceptible to Rust Disease

采用田间常规栽培及自然感病方法,对两个抗锈病能力具有明显差异的小麦品系不同生育时期碳氮代谢的多项生理生化指标进行了比较研究。结果表明,锈病的侵染明显降低了两个小麦品系旗叶中硝酸还原酶(NR)和谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)等氮素同化关键酶的活性,减少了蛋白质的积累量,造成氮素代谢失调;两个小麦品系使旗叶中叶绿素含量降低、光合作用受抑制、可溶性糖含量减少,限制了小麦的碳素代谢能力;导致两个小麦品系旗叶中相对电导率和丙二醛(MDA)含量增加,膜脂过氧化加剧,加速了功能叶的早衰。抗性不同的两个小麦品系在锈病胁迫下多项相关指标均存在较大的差异。

The physiological and biochemical indexes in different periods of two wheat varieties with different resistance to rust disease were analyzed adopting TCM and natural infection. The results showed that the invasion of rust disease reduced the activity of key enzymes of nitrogen assimilation such as NR and GS in the flag leaf, and reduced the accumulation of protein, then brought about the lack of balance of nitrogen metabolism. Besides, the invasion also led to the decrease of chlorophyll, soluble sugar and inhibition of photosynthesis, which confined the carbon assimilation. Furthermore, the invasion also resulted in the increase of electrical conductivity and MDA, the acceleration of lipid per oxidation in the flag leaf, thus speeding up the premature senility of the functional-leaf. So there were some differences in several indexes of these materials under rust stress.