血管内超声在评估肺动脉高压中的应用

Assessment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Intravascular Ultrasound

肺动脉高压是由肺小动脉结构重建引起肺动脉压和肺血管阻力进行性增加,最终导致右心增大、右室壁肥厚、右心功能衰竭而死亡的疾病,是一组临床常见症候群。目前对肺动脉高压病情的主要评估方法是组织学活检,但由于肺动脉高压肺血管病变具有不均一性,且活检需要手术切开,所以使得肺组织活检在临床评价肺动脉高压病变方面受到限制。近年来有研究报道血管内超声可以评价肺动脉高压患者的肺血管损害程度。现就血管内超声在评估肺动脉高压的研究及发展趋势作一综述。

Pulmonary arterial hypertension （ PAH ） is a common clinical syndrome characterized by the remodeling of the small pulmonary arteries that results in a rise in the pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance. This eventually leads to right heart enlargement, right ventricular hypertrophy, right heart failure, and death. Currently, the main assessment of PAH is a histological biopsy, but its use has been limited because of the heterogeneity of pulmonary artery changes in PAH and the demand for the use of thoracotomy. In recent years, several studies on the use of intravascular ultrasound （ IVUS ） in evaluating the severity of pulmonary vascular damage in patients with PAH make it clear that IVUS could be effective in the assessment of PAH. This article reviews the assessment of pulmonary arterial hypertension by IVUS, and its development.