也论戏剧文本中的不可靠叙述——以《奥赛罗》中的伊阿古为例

An Interpretation of Unreliable Narration in Drama Text——Take Iago in Othello as an Example

"不可靠叙述"是当前叙事学研究的一个热门话题。不可靠叙述的修辞性理论创始人韦恩.布思,主张以隐含作者的规范为标准判断叙述者的可靠性,后经修辞性叙事理论家詹姆斯.费伦进一步发展了他的观点,将"不可靠叙述"分成了6种类型,进而又细分为"疏远型不可靠性"和"契约型不可靠性"两大类别。探讨戏剧叙事作品中的不可靠叙事策略不仅可以促进读者对戏剧文本的多层次解读,影响读者的伦理判断,而且可以引导读者更深层次地理解剧本的创作过程,体会到文本的经典价值。

.＂Unreliable narration＇is a concept that has captured the peculiar quality of attention in recent nar- ratological studies. It is claimed to be ＂a hot issue in narratology＇. The term was coined by Wayne C. Booth, who considered the implied author＇s meaning as a criterion to understand the narrator＇s unreliabili- ty. Phelan developed Booth＇s idea. Taking rhetorical theory of narrative as its central concern, this paper grounds itself upon the six types of unreliable narration, and ＂estranging unreliability＂ and ＂bonding unre- liability＂ in detail put forth by Phelan. The realization of unreliable narration in drama text not only leads readers to reinterpret the text and, consequently, affects their ethical judgments and emotions towards the drama, but also encourages readers to appreciate the deep structure of the text and rediscover its classic value.