现代性悖论与全球史观——论霍布斯鲍姆的民族主义研究的特点与价值

Modern Paradox and Global View of History: On the Characteristics and Value of Hobsbawm's Study of Nationalism

霍布斯鲍姆的民族主义研究从现代化与全球化双重维度进行审视,既有历史的深度,又有理论的高度。霍布斯鲍姆认为,民族、民族国家与民族主义三者均具有现代性,现代性是其本质特征。但民族主义存在现代性悖论,即民族国家是民族主义的强化剂,而全球化则是民族主义的溶解剂。霍布斯鲍姆的民族主义研究,在方法论上对全球史和新社会史的研究具有示范性的意义;在战略对策上对于民族国家的建设和稳定具有积极的意义。

Hobsbawm sets nationalism under the dual dimensions of modernization and globalization to examine both his- torical depth and theoretical level. Hobsbawm believes that modernity is the essential characteristics of nationality, na- tion-state and nationalism. Nationalism is an obvious paradox of modernity, that is, the nation-state is the ＂enhancer＂ of nationalism, while globalization is the ＂solvent＂ of nationalism. Hobsbawm＇s study is not only of academic significance, but also has a positive meaning to the construction and stability of the nation-state.