儿童期忽视与中学生应对方式的相关性研究

Study on the correlation between childhood neglect and coping styles of middle school students

【目的】了解儿童期忽视与中学生应对方式的相关性,为相关部门制定干预措施提供依据。【方法】采用多级抽样方法,使用自编问卷对烟台市中学生进行应对方式的横断面调查和儿童期忽视经历的回顾性调查,分析两者相关性。【结果】中学生在儿童期最常见的忽视类型是交流忽视;中学生主要采用积极应对方式解决问题,其中不同性别在合理解释、求助、发泄三个维度的分值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);简单相关分析结果显示儿童期忽视与中学生积极应对方式负相关,与消极应对方式正相关;典型相关分析结果显示情感忽视与逃避应对方式正相关,安全忽视与幻想应对方式正相关;多重回归分析结果显示年龄、性别、交流忽视和情感忽视是消极应对方式的主要影响因素。【结论】中学生在儿童期受到的情感忽视等状况越严重,青春期遇到困难和压力时越倾向于选择逃避现实或幻想等消极应对方式。

[Objective] To investigate the correlation between childhood neglect and coping styles of middle school students,and provide theoretical foundation for interventions among the target population. [Methods] The questionnaire was used among the target population who were randomly selected by multistage sampling method, and statistical methods included statistical description and correlation analysis. [Results] The most common style of childhood neglect was communication neglect. Active coping style was mainly used to deal with problems ; and there were significant gender differences in dimensions of reasonable explanation, seeking help, abreaction. Childhood neglect had significantly negative correlation with active coping styles, but had positive correlation with negative coping styles. Canonical correlation analysis showed that there was positive correlation between emotional neglect and avoiding coping style, also positive correlations between safety neglect and illusion coping style. The results of stepwise multiple regressions indicated that influencing factors of negative coping style include age,gender,communication neglect and emotional neglect. [Conclusion] Middle school students had more possibilities to select avoiding and negative coping styles when they met difficulty or pressure if they had more serious emotional neglect in their childhood.