模糊综合评价方法在高层建筑防火安全评价中的应用

Application of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method in the safety assessment of high building fire preventing

防火安全评价是高层建筑防火研究的重要内容之一,介绍了模糊综合评价法在高层建筑防火进行评价时的步骤及方法,利用模糊综合评价方法评价高层建筑的防火安全,是由定性地分析问题开始,通过研究构成高层建筑防火安全诸要素(建筑防火能力、灭火能力、安全疏散能力和安全管理水平)的作用及其相互关系,定量地求出总的评价结果。克服了确定高层建筑防火因素主观性、误差大,减少了评价结果的随意性。通过举例,给出模糊数学的判断矩阵,根据判断矩阵对高层建筑防火中安全管理水平因素进行安全评价,实践证明,模糊综合评价方法应用于高层建筑防火安全评价是实用且有效的。

Safety assessment is one of the most important contents in the study of high building fire preventing. The approaches and the methods of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method being applied in the high building fire pre- venting safety assessment were introduced in this paper. The application of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method in the safety assessment of high building fire preventing began from analyzing the questions qualitatively and un- coiled the total evaluation value quantitatively by studying the effects and their correlation among the elements, structuring the high building fire preventing safety, such as the ability of fire preventing, putting out a fire, evacua- tion and the level of safety management. The application conquered the disadvantages of subjectivity and large error in confirming the high building fire preventing elements and reduced the casualness of the evaluation result. Safety assessment to the level of the high building fire preventing safety management was conducted according to the judg- ment matrix in the fuzzy mathematics, listed by examples. Practice showed that fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, applied in the high building fire preventing safety assessment, is practical and effectual.