西北民族地区牧民定居意愿调查研究——以甘肃省肃南县康乐乡为例

Study of Inhabitation Intention of Herdsmen in Northwest Ethnic Regions——Case Study of Kangle,Sunan,Gansu Province

为了调查牧民自身定居意愿的状况,研究困扰牧民定居的各种因素,本文运用问卷调查和个案访谈的方法,总结出牧民定居的总体意愿,并从经济、生活、文化、政策4个方面对影响牧民定居意愿的因素进行分析。研究发现,牧民的总体定居意愿不是很强烈,年龄、身体健康状况、经济来源、家庭年收入、语言的传承这些因素与定居意愿具有显著相关性,对牧民定居意愿的选择有较大影响,而性别、文化程度、家庭结构、生活便利状况、宗教与民俗文化的传承这些因素与定居意愿无显著相关性。牧民定居意愿是牧民在宏观经济、社会、生态、制度的变迁中,从自身和家庭的微观利益出发,综合考虑了多方因素做出的理性选择。

In order to investigate the intention of herdsmen＇s inhabitation and study all possible barrier factors of such intention, the article adopts approaches of questionnaire and individual interview to sum up their general intention, and analyzes factors which influence herdsmen＇s intention from aspects of economy, life, culture and policy. The study shows： their general intention is not very strong; their intention is apparently related with age, health, economic sources, annual family income and language inheritance; and all these factors leave great influence on their intention. On the other hand, their intention is not obviously related with sex, cultural level, family structure, life convenience degree, religious and folk cultural inheritance. Their intention is a rational choice made in the interest of their own and family micro benefits after a comprehensive consideration of various factors during the changes of macro economy, society, ecology and systems.