主要养殖鲑科鱼类遗传育种的研究进展

Research Advances in Genetics and Breeding in Salmonids

冷水性鲑科鱼类肉质鲜美,高蛋白、高不饱和脂肪酸、营养丰富、无肌间刺、易加工,是世界性养殖鱼类,其中大西洋鲑、虹鳟和红点鲑属鱼类等主要养殖鲑科鱼类,一直是水产遗传育种领域的重要研究对象。本文简要叙述了鲑科鱼类遗传育种研究的历史和现状,主要介绍了经济性状遗传参数估计、选择育种、分子遗传与标记辅助育种等方面的研究进展,提出了我国鲑科鱼类遗传育种工作重点研究的方向。

Cold water Salmonids as a global culture fish are characterized by high quality flesh,high protein and unsaturated fat acids contents,no intermuscular bones,and easy to be processed,and particularly,Atlantic salmon（Salmo salar）,rainbow trout（Oncorhynchus mykiss） and charrs are the important object of aquatic breeding and genetics research.The past and current research status of the genetics and breeding of salmonid species are briefly described,and the advances in genetic parameters estimation of economic traits,selective breeding,molecular genetics and marker assisted breeding in salmonid species are introduced in this paper.Some suggestions are made for future directions and priorities of genetics and breeding of salmonid species to provide new ideas for the study and researchers in the field of aquatic breeding and genetics.