某医学院校大学生自杀态度的社会心理相关因素探讨

Investigation of psychosocial factors of suicide attitude among the students in a medical college

目的:探讨某医学院校大学生自杀态度及其影响因素,为改变大学生自杀态度提供理论依据。方法:整群抽取某医学院校大学生3 030名,用自杀态度量表、Beck自杀意念量表、Beck抑郁问卷等对其进行问卷调查。结果:大学生对于自杀的歧视(得分29.12±14.13)、自杀的社会重要性(得分25.34±15.57)持肯定态度;大学生对于自杀的不可预防性(得分71.52±13.82)、自杀的不可自我控制性(得分65.01±18.72)、对自杀的正性态度(得分64.65±17.35),对自杀能改变他人行为程度的看法(得分65.81±15.24)持否定态度;而对自杀未遂与自杀死亡相似程度的看法(得分53.70±21.48)持中立态度。单因素分析显示,自杀态度各分量表影响因素不一致。多元线性回归显示,家庭功能是保护因素,自杀意念、抑郁是危险因素。结论:需采取相关措施,改变消极的自杀态度,进而消除由此带来的伤害事件。

Objective：To explore the influential factors of the medical college students＇ attitude on suicide and provide theoreticalevidence for change of the students＇ negative attitude. Methods：In a method of random sampling,3 030 medical students of lower grade were chosen to conduct a questionnaire investigation by using suicide attitude scale, suicide ideation scale and Beck depression questionnaire. Results：Medical college students kept a positive perception toward the discrimination against suicide （29.12 ±14.13 marks） and social importance of suicide（25.34±15.57 marks）, and kept a negative perception toward the unpreventable of suicide （71.52 ±13.82 marks） ,uncontrolled of suicide（65.01±18.72 marks） ,positivism of suicide（64.65 ±17.35 marks） and the extent of suicide on changing others＇ behaviors（65.81 ±15.24 marks） ;while they were neutral on how much the attempted suicide was like the completed suicide（53.70± 21.48 marks）. Single factor analysis revealed that the factors which influenced all subscales of suicide attitudes were different. The results of multiple linear regression showed that family function was a protective element while suicide ideation and depression were dangerous elements. Conclusions： Relevant methods should be taken to change the medical college students＇ negative attitude on suicide ,so as to dispel any injury.