警察执法侵权的民事责任研究

Tort in Law Enforcement by Police and the Civil Liability

警察执法侵权的民事责任在我国的法学研究中很少受到关注。通常学者认为,警察侵权的责任仅仅包括行政责任、刑事责任以及国家赔偿责任,而将民事责任往往排除在外,这种将民事责任排除在外的做法与当今国家赔偿向民事赔偿融合的国际大趋势相违背。因此,从国内外警察侵权责任的承担和我国国家赔偿法的发展历史看,论证警察执法国家赔偿责任与民事赔偿责任并存融合是大趋势。

Civil liability of the tort in law enforcement by police has been rarely focused on by scholars in China. Generally speaking, administrative liability, criminal liability and state compensation liability are considered as the liabilities of the tort. In fact, civil liability exemption violates the international trend. Thus, it is proved herein that the integration of state compensation liability with civil compensation liabil-ity is an unavoidable trend according to the police＇s liability of tort home and abroad and history of state compensation in China.