非正规聚落的弹性机制分析——以城中村为例

Case Study: Community Resilience of Informal Settlement for China’s Urban Village

尝试用社会学的弹性方法,把"弹性"概念引用到非正规聚落的研究中,认识并理解非正规聚落具有面对干扰的弹性机制.把城中村—–中国比较典型的非正规聚落作为案例,将城中村村民、城中村流动人口、村集体作为弹性主体,将由城市化引起的土地征收制度的实施、房地产开发,以及大量流动人口的涌入作为干扰因子,从经济结构、人口结构、制度变革方面,研究弹性主体在干扰因子作用下,如何结合内外部力量发挥弹性功能,最后得出只有发挥非正规聚落的内生活力并辅之以必要的政府政策支持,才能从根本上解决其现状.

In developing countries, with the acceleration of globalization and the development of urbanization, more and more people flow into urban areas, most of whom inhabit informal settlements, such as shanties and shacks. However, these informal settlements face the risk of demolition and rebuilding because of the modem city planning. The author tries to adopt the sociological resilient methodology by introducing the concept of ＂resilience＂ into the study of informal settlements and uses urban village： The typical informal settlement in China as a case study. In the study, villagers employment, migrant residents, and village collective are used as the resilient subjects; the land expropriation, real estate development, and the inburst of migrant people are selected as the disturbing factors. Based on this scheme, analysis is made on how the resilient subjects fulfill their resilience under the disturbance described by the disturbing factors from the perspective of economic structure, population structure, and institutional transition. The paper concludes that only by developing the resilience of the informal settlement and obtaining the support from the government the adverse status quo of the informal settlements can be improved.