也谈洪武年间的“海禁”与对外贸易

On Prohibition of Sea Trade and Overseas Trade during the Hong Wu Period

明朝洪武年间的私人贸易，由于受元末外贸思想和沿海地区自然地理条件的影响一直很活跃；国家对外贸易则经历了由鼓励海外诸国与私商来华贸易到只允许政府间的朝贡贸易的演变过程。这期间的“海禁”主要是针对明政府的敌对势力、“倭寇”以及对前来朝贡的国家的使臣的检查与限制。

During the Hong Wu Period, private trade was very active, influenced by foreign trade ideology in the late Yuan Dynasty and natural geographical conditions along the coast. Naional foreign tiade experienced the chang from en-couraging overseas countries and businessmen to do business with China to permitting ouly patronizing taades between gov-ernments. During this period prohibition of sea trade mainly aimed at check up and restriction of the oppositional forees,Japanese bandits and the visiting foreign ministers.