人民币汇率争端的法律分析

A Legal Analysis of RMB Exchange Rate Dispute

人民币汇率问题成为近年来国际社会关注焦点,特别是美国参众两院先后通过关于汇率改革法案,不断质疑人民币汇率政策。汇率主权是国家货币主权的应有之义,主权国家有权决定并且改变本国的货币价值,不受其他国家干涉。一些国家对人民币汇率问题的指控,如汇率操纵、汇率偏差、或者是构成"出口补贴",都可以从法理上看到漏洞。根据国际货币基金组织和世界贸易组织的相关规则不足以判定人民币汇率违反国际义务。中国政府应该在坚持货币主权原则的基础上,通过灵活的法律手段解决人民币汇率争端,促进人民币汇率市场化改革,寻求国际合作以推进人民币国际化进程。

The issue of RMB exchange rate has became the focus of attention in international society re-cently, especially after enacting the reform act of exchange rate, the United State always question Chinese poli-cy of RMB exchange rate. Exchange rate sovereignty is core of national currency sovereignty, a sovereign state has right to change the exchange rate of its own currency, any other countries should not interfere. Other countries＇ RMB exchange rate accusations leave many loopholes, such as currency manipulation, exchange rate deviation, or RMB exchange rate constitutes ＂export subsidy＂. According to the relevant rules of the Interna-tional Monetary Fund and the World Trade Organization, RMB exchange rate does not violate any international obligations. On the basis of insisting on the principle of currency sovereignty, Chinese government should solve RMB exchange rate dispute by legal means flexibly, promote market-oriented reform of RMB, and seek inter-national cooperation in order to promote the internationalization process of RMB.