小儿消化道出血42例临床分析

目的对小儿消化道出血的临床症状做一个回顾性分析,以期为今后临床医师的诊断得到一些实用的结论。方法回顾性分析2009年1月至2012年1月我院进行收治的小儿消化道出血患儿的资料,对这些患儿的诊断方法以及临床相应症状做统计分析。结果患儿采用保守治疗后,痊愈39例,好转3例,没有死亡病例出现,患儿住院时间为7～36d,平均为14d;确诊为上消化道出血18例,其中溃疡病8例、胃炎或十二指肠炎10例;确诊为下消化道出血24例,其中结肠炎7例、肠套叠8例、继发于全身性疾病9例。结论非中毒性小儿消化道出血并不难治疗,关键是要诊断准确,在检查中应根据小儿的年龄,结合相应的出血量、出血频率、出血症状来做诊断,同时根据病情的缓急,结合x线钡餐或内镜检查来确诊。

Objective Based on children about gastrointestinal bleeding＇s clinical symptoms as a retro- spective analysis, hope for the clinical physicians diagnostician get some practical conclusion in the future. Methods Retrospective analysis from January 2009 to January 2012 in our hospital about their gastrointestinal bleeding children, for these children diagnostic tests and clinical symptoms as a corresponding statistical analy- sis. Results All children adopt conservative therapy, including healed 39 cases, improved in 3, no deaths ap- pear, the length of time the patients for 7-36 days, an average of 14 days; Diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal bleeding is 18 cases, 8 cases, gastritis ulcers or duodenitis is 10 cases; 24 cases under the performance for gas- trointestinal bleeding, 7 cases of cohtis, intussusceptions is 8 cases, secondary to systemic disease （9 cases）. Conclusion Not toxic pediatric gastrointestinal bleeding is not difficult treatment, the key is to diagnosis accu- rately, during the inspection should be based on the age of the child, combined with the corresponding amount of blood loss, bleeding frequency, hemorrhage symptom to do diagnosis, at the same time, the according to the illness, making a combined with X-ray or endoscope exan^ination.