论韦伯对加尔文宗经济伦理思想的认识

On Weber's Understanding of Calvinism's Economic Ethnics Thoughts

韦伯认为加尔文是16世纪著名的基督教改革家,他继承并进一步发展了德国宗教改革家路德的思想,主张预定称义。韦伯认为预定称义,强调称义是上帝预前决定的,与其他无关,所以使每一个加尔文宗信徒,独自面对上帝,形成了个人主义的生活方式,否定宗教仪式等神秘主义宗教因素,培养了加尔文宗信徒理性主义的生活态度;荣耀上帝的人生目的的倡导,也为世俗职业活动创造了神圣性。在加尔文宗基础上发展起来的清教,则提出了更有利于推动资本主义发展的关于财富、劳动、职业的经济伦理观念。

In Weber＇ s opinion, Calvin is a famous Christian reformer in the 16th century, who inherited and further developed the thoughts of Luther, a religious reformer in German, who advocated predetermined justification. According to Weber, justification is predetermined by God, having nothing to do with other things. So, each Calvin- ist will face God alone and form the lifestyle of his own. It denies the mysticism of religious factors, ceremony, etc. , and cultivates the rational attitude towards life among Calvinists. The advocacy of life God creates divinity for vulgar vocational life. On the basis of Calvinism, Puritanism putted forward like religious aim to glorify the economic ethics ideas of wealth, labor and vocation, which are more in favor of the development of Capitalism.