中英美中小学体育课程设置对比研究

The comparative study among China,Britain and the United States in the curriculum design of primary and middle school sports

研究主要运用文献资料法、比较研究法,以中英美三国中小学体育课程设置基本理念、课程内容和课外体育活动情况三方面为主要研究对象,对三国中小学体育课程设置进行了对比研究.结果显示:我国实际教学过程中传统教学的方法仍未得到有效的转变,新的教学理念在中小学中尚未得到具体化,没有找到明确的发展方向,传统思想在体育教学中仍然普遍存在;英美两国更具有灵活性和多样性,学校课程安排建立在学生能力、兴趣爱好的基础上,以满足不同程度的学生学习需要,而我国中小学体育课程内容由于教育制度的约束多具有一定的局限性;英美两国中小学学生参加学校体育课外活动的时间远远多于体育课堂时间,而且都是根据学生自主意愿参加,而我国大部分中小学目前课外体育活动相对单一,约束性较强,学生的课外活动时间往往被其他课程及课外作业所挤占.

By means of literature inspection and comparison researching, this article analysed the basic idea of cur- riculum, the course content and the sports activities of primary and middle schools among China, the British and the United States. The conclusions are as follows ： In the practical teaching process, the old way of teaching has not been changed, and the new teaching philosophy has not got reification, while there isn＇t any explicit development direction, the traditional concepts are still in the sports teaching. The sports courses are more flexible and various in the Britain and the US, because the arrangements of their countries are based on the ability and interests of students while in our country the contests are limited because of the system of education. In the Britain and the US, students would like to pay more time to attend extra curricular sports activities than sports courses, and they attend the activities on their own. But in China, most of the extra curricular sports activities in schools are too single, and has more limit, on the other hand, students in China are always busy in other courses or homework.