婴幼儿甲状舌管囊肿的诊断及外科治疗

Diagnosis and treatment of thyroglossai duct cyst in infants

目的探讨婴幼儿甲状舌管囊肿的影像学表现和手术治疗的方式和疗效。方法回顾性分析23例婴幼儿甲状舌管囊肿的CT和B超表现，手术方式选择经典的Sistrunk术式，对于术后复发的患儿行扩大的Sistrunk术式。结果甲状舌管囊肿CT多表现为颈前三角区囊性肿块，与舌骨、甲状腺关系密切；B超表现为低回声或不均一回声，无实质成分，伴有后部回声增强。Sistrunk术式治疗效果满意，复发的患儿可考虑行扩大的Sistrunk术式，术后愈合良好，无声嘶、呛咳、呼吸闲难等并发症发生。随访2年以上未见囊肿复发。结论根据甲状舌管囊肿的特定部位及典型CT和B超表现，可准确诊断甲状舌管囊肿。甲状舌管囊肿术后易复发，经典Sistmnk术式仍是治疗婴幼儿甲状舌管囊肿的基本术式。

Objective To explore the imageology features and curative effect of operation for thyroglossal duet cyst in infants. Methods CT and B-mode ultrasound features of 23 infant cases diagnosed as thyruglossal duct cyst were retrospectively analysed. The patients underwent classic Sistrunk operation. And ampliate Sistrunk operation was performed for those with postoperative recurrence. Results CT showed a cystic nmss in the anterior triangle of neck, relevant to the hyoid bone and thyroid. B-mode uhrasound showed hypoechoic and heterogeneous image companied with posterior echo enhancement. None cyst had a solid component. Twenty-three cases got satisfied curative effect after repeat operation. There were no complications such as trachyphonia, bucking and dyspnea. Following up more than 2 years, no recurrence case occurred. Conclusions CT and B-mode ultrasound scan can help to make accurate diagnosis of the thyroglossal duct cyst, based on the special location and the typical manifestations. Thyroglossal cyst had high recurrence rate after operation. Sistrunk operation is the basic procedure for the complete removal of the thyroglossal cyst in infants.