论苏联解体的原因和教训

On the Causes and Lessons of the Disintegration of the Soviet Union

苏联解体是 2 0世纪国际政治的重大事件 ,蕴含着深刻的历史内涵。其原因大致有如下几点 :1.长期推行僵化的经济体制 ,国民经济发展停滞不前 ;2 .高度集权的政治体制 ,民主和法制不健全 ;3.苏共建设上存在严重问题 ;4 .国内的民族矛盾 ;5.“8.19”事件 ;6.戈尔巴乔夫的个人因素。社会主义国家应吸取苏联解体的教训 :1.加强和改善共产党的领导 ;2 .稳步推进政治体制改革 ;3.以经济建设为中心 ,推进经济体制改革 ;4 .

The disintegration of the Soviet Union is an important incident of the international politics in the 20th century, which contains profound historical connotation. The causes of the disintegration of the Soviet Union can be roughly summarized as follows: 1.practising a rigid way of economic system for a long time; 2.a high centralized political system without amplified democracy and legal system; 3.serious problems existed in the construction of Soviet Communist Party; 4.the civil national contraditions; 5.the '8.19' incident; 6.the personal factors of Gorbachov. Socialist countries should draw lessons from its disintegration so as to: 1.strengthen and improve the leadership of the Communist Party; 2.promote the political reform steadily; 3.centre on the economic construction and carry out the reform of economic system; 4.put into effect the reform and the open policy.