鄱阳湖周边几种养殖水体的富营化现状及对水环境影响

Eutrophic status in the aquaculture water around Poyang Lake and its effects on the water environment

采用综合指数法对鄱阳湖水产养殖水体营养状态进行了综合评价。通过评价得出:鄱阳湖区的水产养殖水体已经产生了富营养化,蚌类养殖水体属于极富营养;蟹类养殖水体属于中富营养;鱼类养殖水体属于中营养。鄱阳湖水产养殖产生的养殖废水占其总污染量的比例较大,其对这类清水型湖泊水质的影响较大,对其富营养化的贡献率较高。建议清水型湖泊养殖的周边政府应控制蚌类的养殖规模,将蚌类养殖废水纳入废水处理的范围;蟹类养殖厂应对养殖水域的底泥进行处理,以免养殖废水对这类较清洁湖泊产生严重的污染。

The composite index was applied to evaluates the nutrient status of aquaculture water in the Poyang Lake area.The obtained results indicated that the aquaculture water has resulted in eutrophication,the mussel farming water is highly eutrophication and crab aquaculture water is moderate eutrophication.A comprehensive evaluation to the Poyang Lake district aquaculture water body trophic conditions has been made through using comprehensive index method.The aquatic breeding wastewater of Poyang lake has a large proportion in their total pollution load,which largely influence the water quality of this kind of clean lake and make a large contribution to the eutrophication.Our results suggested the government should take some steps to control the scale of mussel farming.The mussel aquaculture wastewater should be subsumed into the range of wastewater treatment and the crab farming workshop should deal with the sediment of the aquacultures water to avoid the pollution of aquatic breeding wastewater on this kind of clean lake.