河南省土地利用变化空间分布特征研究

Study on the Spatial Distribution of Land Use Change in Henan Province

土地利用变化的研究是生态环境变化研究的重要基础,也是调控人类行为的科学决策依据.以河南省为研究区,在ArcGIS技术支持下,利用幅度变化模型和马尔科夫模型,对河南省1988—2008年20年间的土地利用动态变化进行分析,从不同角度揭示了土地利用变化及其空间分布特征.结果表明:①河南省耕地面积在不断减少,建设用地面积持续增加,土地利用结构动态变化正由温和型向加速变化型转变;②在各类土地类型转换中,耕地是参与转换比率最小的类型,主要原因就是耕地为河南的主要利用类型,占据了总面积的65%左右;③未利用地类型虽然面积及其比例均最小,但却是变化最为激烈的土地利用类型.

The research of land use change is the foundation of the ecological environment change research,and it is also the scientific policy-making basis, of regulating the human behavior. According to the investigation data of land resources changing in Henan Province during 1988 and 2008, the change of land use based on Markov model is analyzed. The results show that： （1）The arable land has been declining, while the construction area continues to grow, and the dynamic changes of land use structure suggests a characteristic from the mild type to the accelerated type. （2）In the various types of land conversion,the conversion ratio of arable land is the smallest,primarily resulting from this major land use type accounted for about 65% of the total area in Henan. （3）As for the unused land, both area and ratio is the smallest, however, the change of its land use is most furious.