肝癌微波消融治疗的研究进展

Research Progress in Microwave Ablation of Liver Cancer

微波消融是20世纪90年代肿瘤非手术治疗的重大进展。主要利用微波离子加热及偶极子加热的综合效应,故升温效率高、速度快,凝固区组织坏死均匀、彻底。肝癌微波消融治疗具有操作简单、局部热效率高、肿瘤局部灭活彻底、创伤小、并发症少等特点,目前常用微波频率为2450MHz,但在治疗大体积的肿瘤时,915 MHz优势明显。近年来临床常用的微波针以硬质裂隙水冷型最多。部分微波仪可在治疗中进行实时测温。现就微波消融治疗原则、术前准备、引导技术、治疗方法、麻醉方式、疗效评价、适应证及并发症、联合治疗进展等进行综述。

Microwave ablation, also known as microwave coagulation, is a significant progress in non-sur- gical treatment of cancer in the 1990s,which is mainly to use microwave ion heating and dipole heating com- bined effect, to realize high-efficiency speedy heating and uniformed and complete tissue necrosis of the solid- ification area. Currently 2 450 MHz microwave is in more often use, while in the treatment of tumors, 915 MHz shows obvious advantages. In recent years the hard fissured water cooling type microwave needle has been mostly commonly used in clinical. Some of microwave instruments can realized real-time temperature measurement in the treatment. Here is to make a review an microwave ablation treatment principles,preopera- tive preparation, guidance, treatment methods, anesthesia, efficacy, indications and complications, and com- bined treatment progress. Hepatic microwave ablation therapy has the advantages of simple operation, high thermal efficiency, complete local tumor local inactivation, little trauma, less complications and other features, while problems still exist in need of urgent solvement.