墨子“贵生”的伦理境界与当代执政伦理转型

On Ethical Realm of Mo-tse's "Laying Stress on Life" and Conversion about Ruling Ethics

墨子"贵生"的道德追求,不仅仅是为了满足或者寻求一种对生命应当如何的"生"之规范,他还试图在诸侯相战不已的非常态社会状态下,努力确证"利生"的功利意识在道德意义上所具有的"善"。从目的论意义上来看,"利生"之善既要符合"兼相爱"的天下之"义",又要利于"生生之道","利生"的功利指向既是"生"之规范,又是何以"善生"的具体行为。对"贵生"在道德实践意义上的推崇,突显了墨子"义利统一"的社会伦理精神的世俗特色,此于身处社会变革与转型过程中的芸芸众生而言,确是一种普遍意义上的生命关怀。解读墨子生之和谐的伦理观照,对反思时下执政功利化取向,当有补益。

Mo-tse elaborated the ethical meaning about life-being with the aid of laying stress on life. He thought the life was the body plus the knowing. So he had an insight into the human in themselves. He came to appreciate the meaning of life, and emphasized the knowing about life very much. He esteemed the lives with the aid of embracing all lives. In fact, Mo-tse thought that embracing all lives was an ethical design, it came into being an attention to all the people, which was beneficial to the current conversion about ruling ethics.