目标设置对大学生网球运动员发球准确率及自我监控能力的干预研究

Intervention of Goal Setting to College Tennis Players' Service Accuracy and Self-Monitoring Ability

依据有无目标设置及目标设置难度理论,设置四组实验对象(低难度组L、中难度组M、高难度组H、无目标组N),对大学生网球运动员发球准确率和自我监控能力进行目标干预,以探讨目标设置对运动员发球准确率与自我监控能力的影响及三者之间的关系。试验结果显示,目标设置训练能够提高网球运动员发球准确率和自我监控能力,中等难度目标设置(M组)训练对发球准确率的提高效果更好。目标设置训练对网球运动员自我监控的准备性、意识性、补救性和执行性的提高有较好地促进作用,而更为突出的是提高了对计划性、方法性、反馈性和总结性的自我监控效果。

Four groups of experimental subjects are established （L, low difficulty group, M, medium difficulty group, H, high difficulty group, N, non- target group） according to the theory of target setting and setting difficulty to conduct target intervention to college tennis players＇ service accuracy and self - monitoring ability, the purpose of which is to explore the intluence of target setting on their service accuracy and self - monitoring ability and the relationship be- tween the three. The experiment results show that target setting training can improve tennis players＇ service accuracy and self- monitoring ability, with Group M indicating a better service accuracy. Target setting training can help to im- prove the players＇ readiness, sense, remedy and enforcement in their self - monitoring. It can also greatly improve their self- monitoring in terms of planning, methods, feedback and summativeness.