颜之推的中庸处世理念述论——以《颜氏家训》为中心

Discussing the Ideas of the Doctrine of The Mean of Yan Zhi-tui——by the book of Yan Shi Jia Xun

生活在南北朝后期的颜之推,出生于以儒学传家的文化家庭,深受儒家思想影响,在乱世中迭经破家、丧国等诸多人生坎坷之后,开始在人生中形成了努力追求中庸处世的理念。通过对《颜氏家训》考察可知,颜之推在生活中形成的诸多中庸处世理念实质上是他结合自身乱世体会对儒家中庸思想的现实解读。它主要表现在颜之推在政治仕途、生活理念、人生价值观、佛教信仰、文化学术等方面将儒家的中庸思想具体化为"仕宦称泰"、兼顾不偏、"去泰去甚"等世俗化的观念和信条。对中庸处世思想理念的追求使颜之推在"三为亡国之人"过程中不但得以保命兴家,且仕宦不坠。

Yan Zhi-Tui, who lived in the later Northern and Southern dynasties, had suffered more from his domestic misforttine to the state that was destroyed, but he had been formed his The Doctrine of The Mean thought in everyday life in the course of that ＂he became man who lost his country for three times＂ because of coming from the family who had all been educated by Confucianism, and with The Doctrine of The Mean thought Yan Zhi-Tui could live in safety and safeguard his family,and also keep on his a successful official career. His idea of The Doctrine of The Mean mainly shows that Yan Zhi-Tui seeking Confucianism in his official career, living idea, outlook on life, the relation between life and believing in Buddhism,and cultural and academic researching for juggle not turning,and by which Yan Zhi-Tui could have a good living and continue public functionary career during the troubled times.