对教学活动中“教”与“学”关系的审思

Reflection on the Relationship Between "Teaching" and "Learning" in Teaching Activities

长期以来,人们对教学活动的认识主要是从"实体论"的角度出发,如"教师中心论"和"儿童中心论","以教师为主导"与"以学生为主体"。教学活动真实发生的关键并非实体是否在场,而是"教"与"学"之间辩证关系的确立。"教"与"学"之间的辩证关系表现在相互依存、相互制约、相互作用、相互转化等四个方面。对教学活动的认识应该从"实体论"走向"关系论"。

People＇s knowledge of teaching activities has been mainly based on ＂substantialism＂ for a long time, such as ＂teaeher-centeredness＂ and ＂child-centeredness＂,＂teacher-led＂ and ＂student-oriented＂. The key of carrying out teaching activities is not whether the substance is present, but to establish the dialectic relationship between ＂teaching＂ and ＂learning＂. The dialectic relationship between ＂teaching＂ and ＂learning＂ lies in four aspects：mutual dependence, mutual restricting,interaction,mutual transformation. The knowledge of teaching activities should turn to ＂relationism＂ from ＂substantialism＂.