掌叶大黄施肥技术研究

Study on Fertilization Technology of Rheum palmatum Linn

按照无公害施肥标准及大黄需肥规律,采用不同的配方,以为大田生产无公害大黄提供科学的配方施肥技术。结果表明:不同的肥料对大黄的产量影响不同,传统的施肥方法产量为13 125.0 kg/hm2,而施用磷酸二铵300 kg/hm2+硫酸锌75 kg/hm2+腐熟的饼肥750kg/hm2、磷酸二铵300 kg/hm2+腐熟的饼肥750 kg/hm2、尿素600 kg/hm2+腐熟的饼肥750 kg/hm2的产量分别比传统施肥处理增产2 583.3、1 625.0、1 500.0 kg/hm2,增幅在11.4%～19.7%,施用磷酸二铵300 kg/hm2+硫酸锌75 kg/hm2+腐熟的饼肥750 kg/hm2为无公害大黄配方施肥的最佳方案,无公害大黄产量的需肥以钾肥和氮肥为主,但以施用钾肥产量表现最佳。在山区施用钾肥和氮肥仍是作物增产的有效途径,特别是磷酸二铵与微量元素肥料的施用增产效果明显,可在生产中推广。

According to its nutrition demand and the standards of pollution-free,the paper applied different fertilization formulas to Rheum palmaturn L. in order to develop a scientific fertilization technology for pollution-free Rheurn palmoturn L. in field cultivation. The results showed that different fertihizer had different effects on Rheumpematum L. production.The yield of the traditional fertilization method was 13 125.0 kg/hm2,but the yield of treatment 4,2,1 increased 2 583.3,1 625.0,1 500.0 kg/hm2, respectively, the amplification were from 11.4% to 19.7%. The treatment 4 of DAP 300 kg/hm2＋zinc sulfate 75 kg/hm2＋decomposition of the cake 750 kg/hm2 was the best solution of the pollution-free Rheum palmaturn L. recipe fertilization.The fertilizer requirement of the production of pollution-free Rheum pcdmaturn L. was mainly potash and nitrogen ,but K fertilizer had the best performance.Using the potash and nitrogen fertilization in the mountain area was still an effective way of crop yield,especially using the diammonium phosphate and trace element fertilizers had obviously effects, and could be extended in field cultivation.