云南野生大蜜蜂(Apis dorsata)群体遗传多样性的微卫星分析

Genetic Diversity in Wild Populations of Apis dorsata Inferred from Nuclear SSR Markers in Yunnan

为了阐明大蜜蜂的群体遗传特征,评价云南地区大蜜蜂的遗传多样性,本研究利用14对微卫星引物对采自云南省的35群野生大蜜蜂进行了群体遗传变异检测和遗传多样性分析。在大蜜蜂群体中共检测到51个等位基因,平均等位基因数为3.642 9,平均有效等位基因数2.809 2,平均期望杂合度为0.573 0,平均多态信息含量为0.524 3。根据Nei's遗传距离用UPGMA方法对35群大蜜蜂进行亲缘关系分析,结果聚为A,B,C,D共4个支系。结果表明云南大蜜蜂群体遗传多样性相对贫乏,分化程度较低。

The information about genetic diversity of wild population of Apis dorsata in China has not been re- ported. To elucidate genetic characteristics and evaluate genetic diversity of Apis dorsata population,we examined 35 colonies of Apis dorsata sampled from Yunnan province using 14 microsatellite DNA markers. A total of 51 alleles were detected. The mean number of alleles, mean number of effective alleles, mean expected heterozygosity and mean polymorphism information content of 14 loci were 3. 642 9,2. 809 2,0. 573 0 and 0. 524 3 ,respectively. Phy- logenetic and genetic divergence analysis showed that there were four lineages（ viz. lineage A ,B ,C, D）identified a- mong 35 wild colonies of Apis dorsata based on Nei＇s genetic distance. The results in this paper indicate that the ge- netic diversity is not rich relatively among Apis dorsata and genetic differentiation between colonies is relatively low.