浅析日本中世时期下剋上民众变革运动的社会影响

The Brief Analysis of the Social Impact of the Movement Among the Masses in Japanese Medieval Period

日本中世时期始于12世纪末的镰仓幕府,直到16世纪室町幕府灭亡为止。这个时期最主要的特色就是天皇势力的衰落,以及武士阶层的兴起。在这个"下剋上"的时代里,不仅在政治方面出现了重大的变化,武士阶层与庶民们也逐渐在文化方面发挥其影响力,使得此时的日本,出现了不同于古代史的新气息。而政治与文化的改变,更为日本中世时期的社会与经济注入了新的活力,让农村日渐富裕,都市逐步兴起,经济活动蓬勃繁荣。

The Japanese medieval period is originated from the Kamakura Shogunate at the end of 12th century to the Muromachi period in 16th century. This historical span strikingly features as the decline of the Japanese monarch and the rise of the warrior class. Moreover, in this＂the lower against the monarch＂period, major changes have taken place in politics. Besides, the warrior class and the masses have shown their influence in culture gradually. A flour- ishing spectacle comes into view which is thoroughly differentiated from that of the ancient times. Correspondingly, Japanese social and economic prosperity largely benefits from the key political and cultural development, presenting an image of rural affluence, urban boom and economic prosperity.