国有公共企业的伦理困境研究

The research on ethical dilemmas of public enterprises

从规范的角度讲,公共企业一定程度上被视为政府职能的延伸,承担着诸多的公共服务功能,扮演着"公共利益"的增进者和维护者角色;同时,公共企业作为一种经济组织是重要的市场主体,又必须参与市场经营,具有使资产保值增值的营利性经济功能。在委托代理关系中,作为直接委托人,政府可以通过多种手段对公共企业进行管制和规控,使其对政府负责,但作为间接委托人的公民却无法直接行使最终委托权,使公共企业对自己负责。由此,公共企业在运营过程中必然会面临"公共服务"与"经营营利"、"公共利益"与"团体利益"、"国家责任"与"公民责任"多重价值的排序和选择,如果选择不当,便会陷入伦理的困境。

Public enterprises firstly assumed a lot of public service function, and acted as the promoter and maintainer of public interest,secondly,public enterprise also assumed the function of value preservation and increment. In the principal-agent relationship, the government can regulate public enterprise in many ways for government＇ interest, but the citizens cannot directly exercise their final authority for their own interest. Thus,public enterprises will inevitably face the dilemma of ＂public service＂ and ＂operating profit＂ , ＂public interest＂ and＂interest groups＂ , ＂national responsibility＂ and＂civil liability＂.