构建拾得人报酬请求权制度之法经济学思考

Economic Thinking on Constructing the Law of the Pickup Person's Right to Request Compensation System

拾得人是否应该享有报酬请求权,各国规定不一,我国物权法中也没有拾得人报酬请求权的规定,导致拾得人和遗失人权利义务上的失衡。成本、收益作为经济学的核心内容,同样也能作为分析法律的工具,对拾得制度中拾得人和遗失人的行为的经济学分析,在比较成本和收益的基础上,为了达到均衡双方利益,构建拾得人报酬请求权制度实有必要。同时,法律制度设置本身,也存在着是否经济的考量,仅以较高的道德标准来设置法律是不符合经济学原理的,也难以实现立法的预期收益,科学合理地分配权利和义务才能实现法律收益的最大化。

Different country has different regulations whether the picker should enjoy the fight to request compensation or not. In real right law of our country, there has not the regulation of pickup person＇ right to request compensation, which result in the imbalance of the rights and obligations between loser and picker. Cost and revenue, as the core content of economics, can be used as a legal tool. Based on loser and pickers＇ human behavior analysis in economics in the system of pickup and on the basis of comparing costs and benefits, building the system of pickup person＇s reward request is necessary in order to achieve the balance of the interests of both sides. At the same time, the legal system itself exist economic considerations. Only is setting up a law with high moral standards inconsistent with the principles of economics, but also difficult to achieve the expected return of legislation. Scientific and rational allocation of rights and obligations can achieve the maximum profit of law.