试论中国封建社会的涉农政策信用危机——以西汉时期为例

On the Credit Risk of the Agriculture-related Policies in Feudal Society of China——Taking Western Han Dynasty as an Example

在中国封建社会的历史上,大凡每一个新兴王朝立国之初和国运中衰后的复兴期,都要出台一系列"与民休息"的涉农政策。政府立涉农政策,就是立契约、立信用。历朝封建政府所立的涉农政策信用,由于官方人为地毁弃,人民对政府失去信任和信心,官民冲突发生并逐渐衍生为全面的官民对抗——随着涉农政策信用的全面崩溃,一个个首先立信"重农"的政府,最后都被自己的毁信行为彻底埋葬!这一恶性循环式的现象在整个中国封建社会时期,成为一种长期困扰政府的、周而复始的且是它无法自己治愈的痼疾!

In the history of the feudal society of China,generally the government would issue a series of agriculturerelated policies in order to recuperate its population both in the beginning of a new dynasty and the revival period . The establishment of agriculture-related policies by the government is also that of the contract and the credit. In the feudal government of past ages, because the credit of agriculture-related policies was abandoned by the government itself,people lost faith in it.. Then the controversy between the government and people arosed and developed into an all-round confrontation. As the total collapse of the credit of agriculture-related policies,the governments which eatablished a credit that they would make agriculture the most important thing at first were completely buried by their action of abandoning it finally. The appearance circled viciously in the whole period of the feudal society in China. And it had became a chronic disease that perplexed the government for long, moved in cycles and couldn＇ t be cured by itself!