“超过要素”概念证伪

Falsifying the Concept of Extra Factors of Crime

刑法学上存在的"主观超过要素"和"客观超过要素"概念自身存在矛盾,其与主客观相统一原则相冲突,而且"超过要素"概念的产生系由对客观情况认识不完全所致,因而"超过要素"概念是学术上不可取的伪概念。目的犯的目的不是主观超过要素,与其对应的客观要素是体现犯罪目的的危害结果的发生;倾向犯的内心倾向则是一种痛快型的罪过情感。而与客观超过要素相对应的主观要件是一种抽象的罪过情感,也即与客观超过要素相对应的罪过心理是行为人漠不关心的情感态度。

There are subjective extra factors and objective extra factors in criminal jurisprudence. They conflict with the principle of correspondence between subjectivity and objectivity. Extra factors result from the lack of entirely understanding the objective realities. Thus,the concept of extra factors is a pseudo-concept. The purpose of absichts-delikte is not subjective extra factors. Its corresponding objective element is the result of the harm reflecting the criminal purpose. The inner tendency of tendenzdelikte is a happy type of fault feelings based on others＇ sufferings. Corresponding to the objective extra factors the subjective element is an abstract fault feelings. The sin mind corresponding with the objective extra factors is the actor＇s indifferent emotional attitude.