“他年”类词语语义特征及成因考察

A Study on the Semantic Features of “Tanian (他年)” and Similar Structures and the Causes of Their Formation

"他年"类词语指"他年"、"他日"、"他时"等时间词。"他年"类词语的语义同时具有两个意义相反的义项,考察发现,这种语义特点的成因是由于同时受到两个条件影响的结果。一是"他年"类词语中的"他"本为远指代词而非旁指代词,二是"他"后的时间成分"年"、"日"、"时"等具有单向的线性特征。

The group of words such as ＂tanian（他年）＂, ＂tari（他日 ）＂, ＂tashi（他时）＂, among others, denote a meaning of time. Their semantic feature is that they have two semantically antony- mous items. Their semantic feature is simultaneously influenced by two conditions： on the one hand, ＂ta（他）＂ in ＂tanian＂ is used as a determiner indicating distal meaning rather than one indicating dif- ferentiate meaning; on the other, the words of ＂nian（年）＂, ＂ri（ 日）＂, ＂shi（时）＂ as antecedent are characteristic of unidirectional linear feature.