Korean Lacquer Art Technique Korean Lacquer Craft of Goryeo to Joseon Dynasties

韩国的漆艺文化已有两千年以上的悠久历史，堪称已经渗入到内房和厢房等生活文化当中的代表性艺术品。目前，韩半岛上的主要生漆生产地为北韩平安北道泰川和南韩江原道原州，占整个半岛生漆产量的大部分。韩国产生漆的品质很好，生漆的主要成分漆酚（Urushiol）的含量高，酶的活度相当好，生漆涂层的干燥时间很短，硬度也很强。但是，南韩原州产高品质生漆的产量较少，价格也比日本产的贵，因此主要依靠中国进口。从史前时代至三国时代，韩国漆艺文化的主要技法是在生漆底上施以颜色绘制纹样，统一新罗时期开始变化为在生漆底上用螺钿、琥珀、青玉、金、银等宝石材料加以装饰。其后，高丽和朝鲜时代螺钿装饰成为漆器上所采用的主要技法。高丽螺钿在中国的宋朝也得到了高度评价，其卓越性被认可，直到现在高丽螺钿也被视为韩国的代表性艺术品之一。

Korean lacquer art especially takes the representative form of artwork and has been permeated into our life culture for more than 2,000 years, being easily found in Anbang and Sarangbang （a main room and a reception room of a Korean traditional house） At the moment, lacquer produced in Wonju in Gangwondo province takes large part of the whole prod- ucts. Korean lacquer sap has the best quality in the world. It is because the proportion of Urushiol, a main component of lacquer, is large enough to make the activation of enzyme very effective, resulting in quick hydration and hardening of lacquer layer. However, only small amount of high qualified lacquer is produced in South Korea, being more expensive than those from Japan. As a result, dependence on imported Chinese lacquer sap is increasing in South Korea. From the prehistoric period to Three Nations Era, the lacquer culture of Korea was centered on a method of drawing colored patterns on the varnished lacquer. However, from the period of the United Silla, the method by which the products were made changed into luxuriously embellishment using various gemstones or jewelry materials such as mother - of - pearl, amber, sapphire, gold, silver, etc. During the period of Goryeo and Jo- seon Dynasties, mother- of- pearl inlay develops into widely -used technique when ornamenting products. The mother- of- pearl inlaid lacquer -ware was especially highly evaluated to the degree that it was well - known even in Song dynasty and is regarded as a representative artwork of Korea.