明清柳州“城-郭”民族空间的分布与演化

The National Spatial Distribution and Evolution of Liuzhou's “Ramparts-Outskirts” in Ming and Qing Dynasties

通过分析明清时期柳州外来移民与土著民族在空间上的分布特点、对立与融合状态,揭示明清外来移民在柳州不断向附郭西南扩展其生活、生产空间的历史演化过程。柳州城郭的民族空间分布经历了两个历史阶段:明代民族的"城-郭"对立阶段和清乾嘉后"民-夷"融合的混居阶段。清中叶后的马平县基本消除民族矛盾,形成以汉族为主体、各民族融合的社会结构,其中广东客家移民因具有聚族而居的文化特征,适应了清初马平县的民族对立,推进了移民与土著的文化融合,其客家民居反映了清中叶以来客家人为主的外来移民与土著民族相互交流、影响的历史印记。

The paper analysis the national spatial distribution tional antagonism and integration between the immigrate and the in characteristic and the situation of the nadigenous in Liuzhou during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and presents the historical evolution process that the living space of the immigration step - wise expanding to the west - south outskirts of Liuzhou＇ s ramparts in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. There are two historical stages of the national spatial evolution in the ramparts and outskirts： the national antago- nism stage between the ＂Ramparts＂ and ＂Outskirts＂ in the period of Ming Dynasties and the national integration stage of the mixed residential zone occupied the outskirts after the Time of Qianjia of Qing Dynasty. The national conflict had been eliminating nearly in the Maping county after the mid of Qing Dynasty. The social structure formed that the Han as the mainstay and every national mergence. In this course, the immi- gration of Hakka big family in the migrates and the tion between the came from Guangdong province adapt to the national conflict with its culture to living in a beginning of the Qing Dynasty, and pushed the national culture integration between the imindigenous. The Hakka dwellings are the historical traces of the influence and the interac- indigenous and the immigration with the Hakka predominate.