学生群体健康行为形成率不同测量方法的比较研究

Comparative study on different measurement methods for group health behavior prevalence among students

目的通过对行为的测量,比较不同测量方法间差别和联系。方法采用方便抽样方法在学生中进行问卷调查和现场观察,使用SAS v8统计软件分析。结果问卷测量法得到的结果偏高,甚至高于知识知晓率,问卷测量法和观察法两种方法之间,同时测量到有正确行为的率,即阳性的一致率很高,但两者间阴性结果不一致。两种方法间的kappa系数<0.5。按照测量方法的评价标准,以观察法作为金标准,问卷调查法灵敏度高,但特异度低,假阳性率很高。结论行为测试时,问卷调查法作为单一方法测量的结果可信度较低,应采取观察法等其他方法联合测量的方法才能得到可信的行为形成率。

Objective To compare difference and relationship between two methods by measuring students health behavior.Methods A convenient sampling method was used in sampling the students,and a questionnaire survey and field observations were conducted.Data was analyzed by statistical software.Results The results of behavior prevalence in questionnaire survey were higher than that in observation method,even higher than awareness rates of knowledge.In these two methods,the consistent rates of positive behaviors were very high,but the negative results were not consistent.And the kappa index was lower than 0.5.According to the standard evaluation,when observation method was used as golden method,the sensitivity and false positive rate of questionnaire method were high,but its specificity was low.ConclusionWhen questionnaire survey method is used alone for measuring the behaviors,the confidence of the results may be low.Other methods such as observation should be combined and carried out together to measure the behavior in order to get the credible behavior rates.