浙江天童国家森林公园鸟类生态位格局

The Ecological Niche Pattern of Birds in Tiantong National Forest Park,Zhejiang Province

2010年10月至2011年9月对浙江天童国家森林公园样地进行调查,共记录鸟类32种,3 129只次.依据鸟类的栖息活动格局将11种优势种和常见种鸟类划分为地面灌木层活动集团、树干中层活动集团、树冠层活动集团.聚类分析表明,鸟类各集团栖息基层活动空间位置相对分离,使得三大集团对资源充分利用.分析发现5种优势种鸟类在植物群落垂直方向各有相对稳定的分布层.同种鸟类随季节变化在植物群落垂直方向的分布呈动态变化.优势种鸟类的生态位宽度大,且同科的鸟类生态位重叠值最大.

A total of 32 species and 3 129 individuals were recorded in Tiantong National Forest Park（Zhejiang Province,China）during October 2010—September 2011.Based on the perched patterns,11dominant species and common species were divided into three guilds： the ground and underbrush activity guild,the middle trunk activity guild and canopy activity guild.Cluster analysis（Furthest Neighbor） indicated that differences in spatial position make the three guilds fully use their resources.Five dominants were found to have their stable distribution in the vertical direction of plant community.The same species changed their distribution in different seasons in the vertical direction of plant community.The dominant species have a larger niche breadth.Birds in the same family have the most overlapped niche.