游泳运动对大鼠骨髓造血微环境及红系造血能力的影响

Effect of Swimming Exercise on the Hematological Microenvironments and Erythroid Hematopoiesis Ability of Rat

探讨12周游泳运动对大鼠骨髓造血微环境及红细胞生成能力的影响,为运动提高骨髓造血能力提供理论依据。4周龄SD大鼠16只随机分为运动组和对照组。运动组进行12周递增负荷游泳运动,干预期后经腹主动脉取外周血测试血常规;取股骨测量骨髓红系爆式集落形成单位(BFU-E)、成纤维样集落形成单位(CFU-F)及成骨成脂诱导分化能力;取胫骨近侧干骺端制作HE切片,观测脂肪细胞面积。结果表明,和对照组相比1,2周游泳运动使大鼠骨髓BFU-E集落数明显增多(P<0.05);骨髓成骨诱导茜素红S染色OD值明显增大,成脂分化油红O染色OD值明显减小(均P<0.05);同时胫骨HE切片脂肪细胞面积明显减少(p<0.05)。结论:(1)游泳运动可以促进大鼠骨髓成骨细胞分化,减少脂肪细胞分化,改善造血微环境;(2)游泳运动促进骨髓红系造血能力。

The purpose of present study was to examine whether 12 weeks of swimming exercise could improve the rats＂ medul- lary hematological microenvironments and enhance the erythroid progenitors proliferation ability. The 16 Sprague - Dawley rats, 4 weeks old, were randomly assigned to control group and swimming group, each with 8 rats. The swimming group underwent 12 weeks progressive swimming program, with 90 minutes per day, 6 days per week. At the end of the intervention, the rats were sacrificed under urethane, blood was drawn from abdominal aorta for regular test, both femurs and the left tibia were re- moved for bone marrow cell culture or histology analysis. The results showed that 12 weeks swimming had a significant role on the proliferation ability of the erythroid progenitors, with the BFU - E number increased significantly, compared with the con- trol group （ p 〈 O. 05 ）. The osteoblast differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell （ MSC ） was enhanced in the swimming group, while the adipocyte differentiation was reduced significantly, compared with the control group （ both p 〈 O. 05, respectively）. At the same time, decreased adiposity was also observed in the proximal tibia metaphysis of the swimming rats. In conclusion, swimming exercise promotes erythropoiesis and does so through improvements in medullary hematological microenvironments.