面向林火预测的无线传感器节能算法的研究

RESEARCH ON ENERGY SAVING ALGORITHM IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK FOR FOREST FIRE FORECAST

针对森林火灾发生的复杂性及扑救的困难性,提出利用无线传感器网络进行林火预测的方法。为了更好地延长网络的生命周期,提出基于蚁群能量的分簇算法,该算法在保证网络能量消耗最小的情况下进行无线传感节点的分簇,利用主副簇头均衡网络中簇头节点能量的消耗,综合考虑能量、距离和分工等因素确定成簇半径,并结合蚁群算法进行簇间最短路径的数据传递。实验结果表明,该算法的设计时刻以节约网络能量为基础,最大限度地增加网络的健壮性,延长网络的使用寿命,较其他节能算法总能量消耗最多下降15%,在林火预测中具有良好的实际应用价值。

The method of forest fire forecast by using wireless sensor network is proposed in light of the complexity of forest fire breaking out and the difficulty of the firefighting. To better extend the life cycle of network, in this paper we present an energy clustering algorithm based on ant colony. The algorithm clusters the wireless sensing nodes while ensure the minimum networks energy consumption, utilises head and co-head of the clusters to balance the energy consumption of cluster head nodes in networks. The clustering radius is determine by synthetically considering the factors of energy, distance and division of labour, and the ant colony algorithm will be combined in selecting the shortest path for data transmission. Experimental results show that the design of the algorithm is founded always on the basis of network energy saving; which greatly maximise the robustness of networks and obviously extend network lifetime. The algorithm achieves maximum 15% total energy saving compared with other algorithms, and has pretty good practical applied value in forest fire forecast.