粉尘螨滴剂舌下含服治疗儿童支气管哮喘伴过敏性鼻炎的临床疗效

Clinical efficacy of sublingual desensitization therapy with deimatophagoides farinae drops on bronchitic asthma with allergic rhinitis in children

目的评估粉尘螨滴剂治疗儿童支气管哮喘伴过敏性鼻炎的临床疗效。方法将94例5～14岁粉尘螨过敏的患儿分常规组和脱敏组,分别采用常规治疗和粉尘螨舌下含服脱敏治疗,定期随访,记录患儿的哮喘症状和鼻炎症状,用药情况,并在治疗2 a后复查粉尘螨皮肤点刺。结果脱敏组和常规组治疗前哮喘症状评分分别为(2.55±0.52)和(2.60±0.49)分,治疗2 a均明显降低,分别为(0.30±0.59)和(0.85±0.87)分;鼻炎评分治疗前分别为(5.86±2.61)和(5.72±2.41)分,治疗2 a明显降低分别为(1.34±0.79)和(3.66±1.87)分;用药评分治疗前分别为(5.21±1.13)和(5.02±1.26)分,治疗2 a也明显降低,分别为(0.17±0.43)和(0.77±0.92)分。粉尘螨点刺结果分级评分治疗前(3.63±0.48)和(3.56±0.50)分,治疗2 a分别为(2.43±0.43)和(3.39±0.60)分。各项评分免疫组与常规组比较差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.001)。均未见严重的不良反应。结论粉尘螨滴剂吞下含服治疗儿童支气管哮喘伴过敏性鼻炎安全、有效。

AiM To evaluate the clinical efficacy of sublingual desensitization therapy with dermatophagoides fari- ane drops in childen with bronchitic asthma and allergic rhinitis. METHODS Totally 94 children aged 5 - 14 years old with asthma and allergic rhinitis were involved in the study. Among them , 46 cases had received sublingual desensitization therapy for 2 years（desensitization therapy group）and 48 cases had not received sublingual desensitization therapy as con- trol group. The cases were followed up at regular intervals and asthmatic, rhinitis symptoms and medication scores were recorded,and skin prick test was done 2 years after treatment. RESULTS After 2 years of treatment , the asthmatic symptom scores in desensitization therapy group and the control group were （0.30 ± 0.59; 0.85 ± 0.87） and they were decreased as compared with those before treatment （2.55 ± 0.52; 2.60 ± 0.49） ; rhinitis symptoms in desensitization therapy group and the control group were （ 1.34 ± 0.79; 3.66 ± 1.87） and they were decreased as compared with those before treatment （5.86 ± 2.61 ;5.72 ± 2.41 ）; medication scores in desensitization therapy group and the control group were（0.17 ± 0.43;0.77 ± 0.92）and they were decreased as compared with those before treatment（5.21 ± 1.13;5.02 ± 1.26） ;positive reaction of skin prick test to dermatophagoides allergen in desensitization therapy group and the control group were reduced, and all symptoms scores showed extremely significant differences between 2 groups（ P 〈 0.001）. No severe adverse drug reactions were reported during the study. CONCLUSION Sublingual desensitization therapy with dermatophagoides farinace drops is effective and safe in children with bronchitic asthma and allergic rhinitis.