论生成文体学的功能主义思想

On Functionlism in Generative Stylistics

由于语言学领域功能主义与形式主义的对立，以韩礼德的系统功能语法为基础的文体学被认为是功能文体学，以乔姆斯基的生成语法与基础的文体学被认为是形式文体学。本文分析了两种语法的联系，从纯语言学分析与文学文体学研究，语言形式与文学意义的关系出发，结合文学研究中的文本主义与语境主义的对立，探讨了生成文体学的功能主义思想。

Taylor and Toolan (1984) made the distinction between formalist stylistics and functional stylistics based on the opposition between formalist and functionalist approaches in linguistic studies, chiefly represented by Chomskys TG grammar and Hallidays functional grammar. Such opposition has been widely accepted in stylistics. However, since pure linguistic analysis is different from stylistic analysis that relates analysis and interpretation, linguistic forms and literary significance, it does not follow that the opposition in linguistic practices is the opposition in stylistic practices. Based on the features of generative approach in literary stylistic analysis in terms of its emphasis on linguistic competence and its consideration of both the surface and deep structures, this paper deals with some theoretical issues and analyzes the functional features of generative stylistics. It concludes that stylistics is an interdisciplinary subject developing with both linguistic and literary theories and that generative grammar, although formalist in nature, provides functional apparatus for contextual stylistic studies of literary texts.