武夷岩茶“十大名丛”种质生物学特性的鉴定与评价

Appraisal and Evaluation on Biological Characteristics of 'Ten Famous Cong'Germplasms of Wuyi Rock Tea

为了进一步对武夷岩茶名丛种质进行筛选和鉴定,对在武夷山收集、保存的"十大名丛"种质,严格按照茶树种质资源的调查统计方法进行科学严谨的调查、观测,记录其植株特性、新梢特性、叶片形态和花果特性等生物学特性,进行比较分析。结果表明:"十大名丛"种质综合性状表现优良,各名丛间生物学特性的不同方面各有差异,无特性完全相同的名丛;‘铁罗汉’、‘北斗’、‘白瑞香’及‘金锁匙’春茶开采期较早,‘大红袍’、‘水金龟’、‘白鸡冠’、‘半天妖’、‘金桂’及‘白牡丹’春茶开采期较晚;此外,试验中发现个别性状如芽叶色泽、芽叶茸毛、叶齿、叶尖、叶缘、花冠直径、花瓣数等有不同程度差异。武夷岩茶"十大名丛"种质生物学特性的鉴定与评价,将为武夷岩茶优良种质的推广应用提供理论依据。

In order to ascertain the differences of biological characteristics of ＇Ten Famous Cong＇ germplasms of Wuyi rock tea, the plant characteristics, the new shoots characteristics, the leaf form and the flowers characteristics were measured and analyzed. The results indicated that the comprehensive characteristics of those germplasms were proved to be excellent, and the individual characteristics, such as the bud leaf color, the bud leaf lustre, the leaf tooth, the leaf tip, the leaf pastel, the corolla diameter and the petal count, had showed many differences. Among those germplasms, the spring tea picking period of ＇Tieluohan＇, ＇Beidou＇, ＇Bairuixiang＇ and ＇Jinsuoshi＇ were earlier, and that of ＇Dahongpao＇, ＇Shuijingui＇, ＇Baijiguan＇, ＇Bantianyao＇, ＇Jingui＇ and ＇Baimudan＇ were later. According to the result, ＇Ten Famous Cong＇ germplasms of Wuyi rock tea have great value to be applied.