班轮航线集装箱需备量构成的鲁棒优化模型

Robust optimization model for composition of a fleet of containers deployed in a container shipping line

针对航线货运需求波动变化的特点,根据自有箱、长期租箱和短期租箱在使用成本和闲置费用上的不同,以考察期内不同时段各种箱的构成量为决策标变量,构建班轮航线集装箱需备量合理构成的确定性模型.通过引入鲁棒优化理论,考虑航线货运需求波动变化的不确定性,将该模型拓展为包含不确定因素的鲁棒优化模型,并以某航线为例进行数值实验.结果表明,当权重系数ω=400,λ分别为1和2时,成本分别比确定性模型高2.33%和1.23%,验证了该鲁棒模型在航线资产配置上规避需求波动风险的有效性和稳健性.

Aimed to characteristics of freight demand fluctuation,a deterministic optimization model for composition of containers deployed（DOMFCCD）in a container shipping line is formulated using quantities of various containers under different terms during period observed as decision variables,according to diversity of use-costs and idle-costs to owned containers,long-term leased containers and short-term leased containers.By introducing robust optimization theory,a robust optimization model is developed based on the DOMFCCD,and the nondeterminacy of freight demand fluctuation was taken into account.Numerical experiment on a route shows that when weighting coefficients are set as ω=400,λ=1 and ω=400,λ=2,the total container operation costs exceed 2.33% and 1.23% respectively compared with the results of the DOMFCCD,which verifies the proposed robust optimization model effective and steady for asset deployment in a container shipping line so as to prevent risks from the freight demand fluctuation.