人民币汇率补贴论:美国贸易堡垒的新借口——以美国《汇率改革促进公平贸易法案》为视角

Subsidies on RMB Exchange Rate: New Pretext of the U.S. Trade Barriers——From the Perspective of the U.S. Currency Reform for Fair Trade Act

美国《汇率改革促进公平贸易法案》(编号H.R.2 378,以下简称H.R.2 378法案)的出台已引起中国的强烈反对。该法案针对中国汇率政策,将在特定条件下把所谓"人民币低估"行为视为《补贴与反补贴措施协定》中的出口补贴。但根据世界贸易组织的相关规定和案例,人民币汇率并不构成出口补贴,美国拟采取贸易措施对中国输美产品进行征税,不但于法无据,而且违反非歧视原则,与《补贴与反补贴措施协议》倡导的公平贸易的精神背道而驰,可能引致国际贸易争端,构建新的贸易壁垒。文章对此进行分析,并提出我国应对策略。

The United States Currency Rreform or Fair Trade Act （ numbers H. R. 2 378, H. R. 2 378 of the following abbre- viation bill ） introduced has aroused strong opposition from China. The bill aimed at China＇ s exchange rate policy, will be under certain conditions, the so-called ＂undervalued＂ acts as Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures of export subsidies. But according to the rules and cases of World Trade Organization , the RMB exchange rate does not constitute the export subsi- dies, the United States will take measures to trade on China＇ s exports to America taxes, not only no legal basis, and in violation of the principle of non-discrimination, and Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures advocate fair trade spirit draw fur- ther apart, may lead to international trade disputes, construction of new trade barriers. The article undertakes an analysis to this, put forward our country＇ s coping strategies.