大庆油田石油开采对水文地质环境的影响及应因对策

The impact of petroleum exploration on the hydrogeological environment and corresponding control measures in Daqing

矿产资源开采对水文地质环境造成了不可逆的影响,在矿业城市快速发展的过程中,高强度的城市开发建设活动同矿产资源开发造成的水文地质问题相互交织,限制了矿业城市的进一步发展,阻碍了未来的经济转型.选取我国最大的石油城市——大庆作为研究石油资源开采对水文地质环境影响的典型区域,从大庆油田石油开采的现状及特点分析入手,结合石油开采对区域水文地质环境影响的机理,对大庆地区水文地质环境的演化进行了研究.利用CorelDRAWX4工作平台,模拟了大庆市1960年以来3个阶段的地下水降落漏斗的形成及模式.通过理论与实证相结合的手段,阐明了大庆油田石油开采对区域性水文地质环境演化的影响因素及影响过程,并提出了相应的应对防治措施,以改善和修复该区域水文地质环境,同时为面临相似问题的区域提供防治参考.

It is irreversible that exploitation of mineral resources impacts on hydrogeological environment.In the rapid development of mining cities,high-intensity urban construction activities and hydrogeological problems caused by mineral resources exploitation have been intertwined,which limit the further development of the mining city and hinder the future economic transformation.This paper selects Daqing that is the largest city as the typical region to discuss the affect of petroleum exploitation on the hydrogeological environment.It as the start of the analysis of petroleum exploration status and characteristics in Daqing oil field.Combined with the impact mechanism of petroleum exploration on the regional hydrogeological environment to study the evolution of the hydrogeological environment of Daqing.Using the CorelDRAW X4 as the working platform to simulate the formation and the mode of groundwater depression cones in Daqing in three stages since 1960.In the end,by means of a combination of theoretical and empirical,to clarify the impact factors and evolution process of petroleum exploration on the regional hydrogeological environment,and propose the response control measures to improve and repair the hydrogeological environment of the region,as well as provide the prevention reference to the region which face similar problems.